Association between time spent on digital devices and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation in children and adolescents aged 7-18, in order to provide a scientific basis for body weight overestimation prevention in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Based on the data of the Research Special Project for Public Welfare Industry of Health using stratified cluster sampling method in 2012, a tatal of 40 073 children and adolescents from 7 provinces with complete information were chosen. Ordinal multivariable Logistic regression model estimated the association between digital devices usage and body weight overestimation.@*Results@#A total of 4 276(11.8%) students with overestimation of body weight were detected, who spent >300 min/d time in digital devices(5.12%) than others (3.84%)( χ 2=19.14, P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that students with time spent on digital devices >300 min/d had a higher risk in overestimation of body weight ( OR=1.36,95%CI=1.18-1.57,P <0.01) compared with students who spent on digital devices≤120 min/d. There was still a significant association after confounder adjustment ( OR=1.28, 95%CI= 1.10-1.48,P <0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the association between digital devices usage and overestimation of body weight were only observed in girls, 11-18 years old and non single child( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The time usage of digital devices is associated with overestimation of body weight in children and adolescents. It may helpful for children and adolescents to prevent overestimation of body weight by reducing time spent on digital devices.

Advances in multimodal MRI-based study of brain networks in patients with carotid artery stenosis / 中国辐射卫生

@#Stenosis and occlusion caused by carotid atherosclerosis is an important cause of ischemic stroke. In recent years, with the continuous development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology and the introduction of complex network theory, brain network analysis can be used not only to explain the clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in patients with carotid stenosis caused by changes in network topological properties of different brain regions, but also to explore the imaging markers of carotid stenosis, thus providing important reference data for the diagnosis of early asymptomatic carotid stenosis, the selection of individualized intervention programs, and the assessment of efficacy. Brain network analysis has been used as a powerful tool. In this paper, we review the studies of structural and functional brain networks in patients with carotid stenosis, and introduce the definitions of brain network nodes and edges and important topological properties of complex networks. We also analyze the current research on brain network in patients with carotid stenosis, and discuss the challenges and outlook of existing imaging techniques and network construction methodologies in this field.

Bioinformatics analysis of gene expression profiles of retinoblastoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the key genes and molecular markers involved in the retinoblastoma development through bioinformatics.METHODS: The mRNA microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were obtained, and the differentially expressed gene(DEG)between retinoblastoma cell lines and normal retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cell lines were analyzed through gene ontology(GO)and KEGG enrichment analysis. To screen key genes, establish protein-protein interaction(PPI)network, and use receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve to assess clinical diagnostic efficacy. The RNA expressions of key genes in retinoblastoma cell lines and normal RPE cell lines were compared by qRT-PCR.RESULTS: A total of 121 DEGs were obtained from the retinoblastoma dataset of GSE97508 and GSE110811. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DEG were enriched in phototransduction, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathways. A total of 9 key genes, including MCM6, DTL, UBE2T, TOP2A, NUSAP1, CENPK, RRM2, RLBP1, and RHO, were obtained from the intersection of PPI network analysis and the top 30 DEG from each dataset. The differentially expressed 9 key genes were verified in GSE24673. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for UBE2T, RRM2, and RHO was ≥80%, and there was a statistical significance(P>0.05). The mRNA level of UBE2T and RRM2 in retinoblastoma was significantly higher than APRE-19 cell line, while the mRNA level of RHO was significantly lower than that of ARPE-19 cell line.CONCLUSION: UBE2T, RRM2, and RHO may be served as potential molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for retinoblastoma.

Phytochemical interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder: A cluster co-occurrence network analysis using CiteSpace / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#This study investigated trends in the study of phytochemical treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).@*METHODS@#The Web of Science database (2007-2022) was searched using the search terms "phytochemicals" and "PTSD," and relevant literature was compiled. Network clustering co-occurrence analysis and qualitative narrative review were conducted.@*RESULTS@#Three hundred and one articles were included in the analysis of published research, which has surged since 2015 with nearly half of all relevant articles coming from North America. The category is dominated by neuroscience and neurology, with two journals, Addictive Behaviors and Drug and Alcohol Dependence, publishing the greatest number of papers on these topics. Most studies focused on psychedelic intervention for PTSD. Three timelines show an "ebb and flow" phenomenon between "substance use/marijuana abuse" and "psychedelic medicine/medicinal cannabis." Other phytochemicals account for a small proportion of the research and focus on topics like neurosteroid turnover, serotonin levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression.@*CONCLUSION@#Research on phytochemicals and PTSD is unevenly distributed across countries/regions, disciplines, and journals. Since 2015, the research paradigm shifted to constitute the mainstream of psychedelic research thus far, leading to the exploration of botanical active ingredients and molecular mechanisms. Other studies focus on anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation. Please cite this article as: Gao B, Qu YC, Cai MY, Zhang YY, Lu HT, Li HX, Tang YX, Shen H. Phytochemical interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder: A cluster co-occurrence network analysis using CiteSpace. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(4):385-396.

Short-term efficacy of dapagliflozin in children with hereditary proteinuric kidney disease / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To explore the short-term efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in children with hereditary proteinuric kidney disease. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. From August 2020 to December 2021, 23 children with hereditary kidney disease from Children's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled. Patients received dapagliflozin 5 mg/d (weight≤30 kg) or initial dose 5 mg/d for 1 week, then 10 mg/d (weight>30 kg) and the dose of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors was stable during treatment. Clinical data including demographic parameters, primary diagnosis, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24 h proteinuria and characteristics in the follow-up were collected. The primary outcome was the change in 24 h proteinuria at 12 (±2) weeks, secondary outcomes included changes of 24 h proteinuria at 24 (±2) weeks, eGFR at both 12 (±2) and 24 (±2) weeks. The data were analysed by using mixed linear model. Results: Totally 23 patients were enrolled, including 16 males and 7 females. The age was (10.8±2.9) years. The primary diseases were Alport syndrome (12 cases), Dent disease (5 cases), proteinuria (4 cases), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (2 cases) respectively. Primary outcome showed that 24 h proteinuria decreased from baseline at 12 (±2) weeks during treatment (1.75 (1.46, 2.20) vs. 1.84 (1.14, 2.54) g/m2, P<0.05). Secondary outcomes showed that there was no significant difference in 24 h urine protein at 24 (±2) weeks (P>0.05). eGFR decreased slightly at 12 (±2) weeks ((107±21) vs. (112±28) ml/(min·1.73m2), P<0.05), and there was no significant difference at 24 (±2) weeks (P>0.05). Serum albumin increased at 12 (±2) and 24 (±2) weeks following the treatment ((39±8) vs. (37±8) g/L, (38±7) vs. (37±8) g/L, both P<0.05). No hypoglycemia event was reported during the treatment. Conclusion: The dapagliflozin had therapeutic effects on decreasing proteinuria and increasing serum albumin in short-term treatment in children with hereditary proteinuric kidney disease, no hypoglycemia or serious adverse events were observed.

Achalasia: The Current Clinical Dilemma and Possible Pathogenesis

Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder manifested by dysphagia and chest pain that impair patients’ quality of life, and it also leads to chronic esophageal inflammation by food retention and increases the risk of esophageal cancer. Although achalasia has long been reported, the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of achalasia are not fully understood. The current clinical dilemma of achalasia is mainly due to its unclear pathogenesis. In this paper, epidemiology, diagnosis treatment, as well as possible pathogenesis of achalasia will be reviewed and summarized. The proposed hypothesis on the pathogenesis of achalasia is that genetically susceptible populations potentially have a higher risk of infection with viruses, triggering autoimmune and inflammation responses to inhibitory neurons in lower esophageal sphincter.

Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Hip fracture is considered as the most severe osteoporotic fracture characterized by high disability and mortality in the elderly. Improved surgical techniques and multidisciplinary team play an active role in alleviating prognosis, which places higher demands on perioperative nursing. Dysfunction, complications, and secondary impact of anaesthesia and surgery add more difficulties to clinical nursing. Besides, there still lack clinical practices in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture in China. In this context, led by the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association, the Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2023) is developed based on the evidence-based medicine. This consensus provides 11 recommendations on elderly patients with hip fracture from aspects of perioperative health education, condition monitoring and inspection, complication risk assessment and prevention, and rehabilitation, in order to provide guiding advices for clinical practice, improve the quality of nursing and ameliorate the prognosis of elderly patients with hip fracture.

Staged treatment of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis of long bone by induced membrane technique in adults / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of induced membrane technique in the staged treatment of adult chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis (CHOM) of long bone.Methods:The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of the 22 adult patients with CHOM of long bone who had been admitted to the 920th Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA from January 2016 to December 2019. There were 18 males and 4 females, aged from 16 to 56 years (average, 31.81 years). Their disease duration ranged from 0.6 to 42.0 years, averaging 18.4 years. By the Cierny-Mader anatomical classification, 4 cases were type Ⅰ, 6 cases Type Ⅲ, and 12 cases type Ⅳ. In the first stage, the bone defects were filled with antibiotic bone cement after thorough debridement. In the second stage when the infection had been controlled, the bone defects were repaired with bone grafts after removal of the bone cement. Bone healing time and complications were followed up. The treatment effects were evaluated by comparisons of the infection control indexes [including clinical manifestations like local redness, swelling, pus, and pain, and blood white blood cell count, C-Reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as well] before the primary surgery, before the secondary surgery and at the last follow-up.Results:The volumes of the bone defects after stage-one debridement ranged from 54 cm 3 to 176 cm 3 (mean, 90.9 cm 3). All patients were followed up for 20 to 51 months (mean, 30.1 months) after surgery. All bone defects healed after 4 to 11 months (mean, 6.6 months). Postoperatively, infection developed at the bone extraction site of the posterior superior iliac spine in 3 cases and pain was observed at the donor site in one case, but the conditions were relieved after symptomatic treatment. Fracture and plate breakage occurred at the bone defect site in one case who had fallen down 7 months after operation, but responded to reoperation. The last follow-up revealed such symptoms as redness, swelling and pus discharge in none of the patients. The white blood cell count [(5.70 ± 1.57) × 10 9/L and (5.65 ± 1.58) × 10 9/L], CRP [(7.56 ± 2.57) mg/L and (7.25 ± 3.83) mg/L] and ESR [(9.64 ± 2.90) mm/h and (10.55 ± 5.23) mm/h] before the secondary surgery and at the last follow-up were significantly lower than those before the primary surgery [(8.24 ± 2.18) × 10 9/L, (49.54 ± 19.56) mg/L, and (42.68 ± 13.77) mm/h] (all P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the indexes before the secondary surgery and at the last follow-up ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:In the staged treatment of adult CHOM of long bone, the induced membrane technique can effectively control infection, achieve repair of bone defects, and reduce complications.

Flap combined with 3D printed microporous tianium(tantalum)prosthesis in the treatment of lower extremity soft tissue defect with large bone defect / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of flap combined with 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum)prosthesis in the treatment of lower extremity soft tissue defect with large bone defect.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020, 2 patients with large soft tissue defects on dorsal foot together with large metatarsal bone defect and 4 patients with soft tissue defects of calf with large tibial bone defect were treated. The areas of soft tissue defect were 5.0 cm×8.0 cm-15.0 cm×10.0 cm. The length of the bone defect were 3.8 cm to 7.0 cm, 5.75 cm in average. In the first stage, metatarsal bone defect or tibial bone defect was filled with vancomycin blended bone cement, meanwhile, soft tissue defect was repaired with anterolateral femoral flap(ALTF) with vascular anastomosis in 2 cases of feet, and local fascia flap was trans-positioned in 4 cases of lower extremity defects. The sizes of repairing flap were 6.0 cm×8.5 cm-16.0 cm×11.0 cm. Two to 7 months after the initial surgery, the customer designed microporous titanium prostheses were used(5 cases with microporous titanium and 1 with microporous tantalum) to repair the bone defects. The wound healing, the integration of metatarsal and tibial fractures with 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum) prostheses, and the walking condition were observed after surgery. The follow-up lasted from 6 to 25 months, with an average of 12.7 months.Results:The wound healing in 5 patients was good. The patients stood on the foot in 2 months after surgery, started to walk with the assistance of crutch in 3 months after surgery, and took walk without assistance in 5-6 months after surgery. Good osseous integration were achieved. One diabetic patient had infection of foot wound 3 months after surgery. After removal of microporous titanium prosthesis and replacement of vancomycin blended interstitial substance of bone cement, the wound healed and the patient resumed walking.Conclusion:It is an effective method to encourage the patients to take early ambulation after the surgery for lower extremity soft tissue defect with large bone defect that was repaired by a flap and 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum)prosthesis. Further observations are required to investigate the long-term efficacy, and the reduction of prosthesis infection rate requires further exploration.

Oral sulfate solution versus polyethylene glycol for colonoscopy bowel preparation: a randomized controlled study in phase Ⅲ / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy of oral sulfate solution (OSS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) electrolyte powder for colonoscopy bowel preparation.Methods:A total of 283 randomized patients from 9 centers in China taking OSS ( n=143) or PEG ( n=140) using two-day split bowel preparation regimen received colonoscopy and assessment. The primary index was the bowel preparation success rate [global Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS)≥ 6 by independent assessment center]. Secondary indices included BBPS global and segmental scores, investigator satisfaction (5-point Likert scale) with the quality of bowel preparation, patient satisfaction assessed by questionnaires, and patient tolerance assessed by Sharma scale. Compliance and safety were compared between the two groups. Results:The bowel preparation success rates were 100.0% for OSS and 99.3% for PEG [adjusted difference 0.7% (95% CI: -5.3% - 6.7%), P<0.001 for non-inferiority]. The BBPS global score in OSS group was significantly higher than that in PEG group (8.1 VS 7.7, P<0.001). The segment BBPS scores were also higher in OSS group than those in PEG group for all 3 segments (right colon: 2.4 VS 2.3, P=0.002; transverse colon: 2.8 VS 2.7, P=0.018; left colon: 2.8 VS 2.7, P=0.007). Investigator Likert score in the OSS group was significantly higher than that in the PEG group (2.6 VS 2.3, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in compliance between OSS and PEG, except for the second dose (90.9% VS 82.6%, P=0.039). There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction, Sharma score or proportion of patients with tolerance-related symptoms between the two groups. Safety was comparable between the two groups, and all adverse events were mild to moderate. Conclusion:OSS has comparable efficacy with PEG, with higher BBPS scores in all segments, better investigator satisfaction, better compliance in split dose, and comparable patient tolerance and safety.

Circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap for reconstruction of axillary scar contractures / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To estimate the preliminary result of circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap in reconstruction of axillary scar contractures.Methods:From January 2016 to June 2021, circumflex scapular perforator propeller flaps were used in 7 cases for reconstruction of soft tissue defect after axillary scar contractures. Patients were 5 males and 2 females. Age ranged from 23 to 38 years old, mean age of 27.7 years old. According to Kurtzman and Stern classification of axillary scar contractures, there were 1 case with type 1a, 1 with type 1b, 2 with type 2, and 3 with type 3. The preoperative range of motion of the shoulder joint were 40°-85°, with an average of 63.7°. All the patients were underwent scar release and circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap transfer. All flaps were transferred as the manner of perforator propeller flap. All the donor sites were closed directly. The defects after releasing ranged from 5.0 cm×7.0 cm to 11.0 cm×9.0 cm, and the flaps ranged from 16.0 cm×7.0 cm to 24.0 cm×9.0 cm. Flap survival, complications of donor site and recipient site were recorded after surgery. The range of motion of the shoulder joint, donor and recipient sites were reviewed in outpatient clinic.Results:All flaps survived uneventfully after surgery, besides 1 case complicated with distal venous congestion. The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 23 months, with an average of 12 months. The texture and contour of the flaps were good in all. At last follow-up, the range of motion of the shoulder joints were 90°-120°, with an average of 107°. Mild scar hyperplasia occurred in 2 cases.Conclusion:The circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap is an effective protocol in reconstruction of axillary scar contractures.

Repair of defects in dorsal of wrist and hand with posterior interosseous artery propeller flap: a report of 9 cases / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the preliminary clinical effect of posterior interosseous artery propeller flap in the repair of dorsal of wrist and hand wounds.Methods:From March, 2015 to December, 2019, 9 cases of dorsal of wrist and hand wounds were repaired with posterior interosseous artery propeller flap, including 6 cases of dorsal hand defect and 3 cases of dorsal wrist defect. Defect area: 6 cm × 4 cm-3 cm × 3 cm; There were 3 cases of metacarpal fracture, 1 case of phalangeal fracture and 1 case of tendon rupture. According to the size and shape of the wound, the posterior interosseous artery propeller flap was designed to transfer and repair the soft tissue defect wound. The size of the flap: 20 cm × 5 cm-12 cm × 3 cm, the size of posterior interosseous artery propeller flap was recorded and the surgical characteristics were summarized; The survival of the flap, donor and recipient complications were observed and followed-up.Results:All flaps were cut smoothly and the donor areas were sutured directly. The flap survived completely in 8 cases and partial necrosis in 1 case; One case complicated with wound infection. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 31 months, with an average of 14 months. The texture and shape of the flap were good; The last DASH score was 3-18, with an average of 9.3; There were 2 cases of mild scar hyperplasia in the donor area and 1 case of mild scar hyperplasia at the edge of the flap.Conclusion:Posterior interosseous artery propeller flap may be an effective method to repair small and medium-sized wounds of dorsal of wrist and hand.

Choices for treatment of pressure sores in different parts of buttocks / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To explore the treatment of pressure sores in different parts of the buttocks.Methods:From May, 2005 to March, 2020, 170 (157 patients) pressure sores in different parts of buttocks were treated. Eighty-two pressure sores located at sacrococcyx, 52 at ischial tuberosity, 24 at greater trochanter (without hip joint exposure) and 12 at femoral greater trochanter with exposure of the hip joint. Flaps were used to repair the pressure sores. ①Seventy-one sacrococcygeal pressure sores were repaired by the gluteal epithelial neurovascular flap; ②10 (10 patients) sacrococcygeal and 42 (36 patients) sciatic tubercle pressure sores were repaired by the posterior femoral neurovascular flap; ③24(24 patients) femoral trochanter pressure sores and 1(1 patient) sacrococcygeal pressure sore were repaired by the tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap; ④2 (2 patients) sciatic tubercle pressure sores were repaired by the gracilis myocutaneous flap; ⑤12 (10 patients) femoral trochanter pressure sores were with hip joint exposure treated with hip joint amputation; ⑥8 (8 patients) pressure sores at ischial tuberosity were treated with VSD. The pressure sores were measured at 5.0 cm×8.0 cm-15.0 cm×30.0 cm, and the flaps were sized 10.0 cm×12.0 cm-17.0 cm×32.0 cm. The follow-up was conducted in 2 methods: visit of outpatient clinic by patients and WeChat distanced interview by medical staff.Results:The gluteal epithelial neurovascular flaps, tensor fasciae lata flaps, gracilis myocutaneous flaps and posterior femoral neurovascular flaps all survived; 4 of 10 posterior femoral neurovascular flaps had partial necrosis and healed after dressing change. A total of 139 patients were treated by flap repair, of which 136 pressure sores healed, except 1 sacrococcygeal pressure sore and 1 femoral greater trochanter pressure sore did not heal because the patient was in old age, long-term hypoproteinaemia and anaemia, and 1 ischial tubercle pressure sore failed to heal due to osteomyelitis osteomyelitis. Ten pressure sores at femoral greater trochanter decubitus with hip joint exposure treated by hip joint amputation and 8 pressure sores at ischial tubercle decubitus treated by simple insertion of VSD were all healed. The follow-up period was 0.5-15.0 years, 7.5 years in average. The results of follow-up showed that pressure sores healed without recurrence in 154 patients, but failed to heal in 3 patients.Conclusion:The gluteal epithelial neurotrophic vascular flap has reliable blood supply and is simple to harvest, and it is a good flap to repair sacrococcygeal pressure sores. The tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap has reliable blood supply and is simple to harvest, hence it is a good flap to repair greater trochanteric pressure sores. Transposition of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve nutrient vessel flap or the V-Y advancement flap is simple and effective in repair of the sciatic tuberosity pressure sores. However, it is not recommended to apply the transposition of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve nutrient vessel flap in repair of the sacrococcygobtaineal pressure sore, because it would cause a necrosis at the distal part of the flap. When a greater trochanteric pressure sore coexists with an expose of hip joint, the hip joint can be dissected. For the pressure sore at ischial tuberosity, and if there is a small wound with a large internal cavity, it can be treated with simple insertion of VSD.

Induced membrane technique combined with anterolateral thigh flap transfer for reconstruction of composite foot defect / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of induced membrane technique combined with anterolateral thigh flap transfer in treating composite foot defect.Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed for 7 patients with composite foot defect treated at 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from February 2014 to December 2018. There were 5 males and 2 females, with the age of 20-73 years [(38.9±16.3)years]. The composite defect located at the forefoot in 5 patients, midfoot in 1, and hindfoot in 1. There were 9 metatarsal bone defects, 1 medial cuneiform bone defect, and 1 calcaneus bone defect. The size of soft tissue defect varied from 6 cm×5 cm to 70 cm×35 cm. At stage I, the anterolateral thigh flap transfer and vancomycin loaded cement implantation were performed. The flap survival and complications were recorded. At stage II, the cement was removed and autogenous bone was grafted into the induced membrane. The duration of two-stage operation, bone union time, and complications were recorded. The postoperative function was assessed using Maryland foot score system before operation and at the last follow-up and postoperative compications were documented.Results:All patients were followed up for 22-54 months [(33.8±9.7)months]. At stage I, flaps survived in all patients, and bulking of the flap was seen in 3 patients. One patient with calcaneus bone defect had repeated infection after operation, and received debridement. At stage II, 6 patients received bone grafting surgery. The duration of two-stage operation was 2-4 months [(2.8±0.9)months]. The bone union time was 3 and 7 months [(4.7±1.2)months]. At the last follow-up, the Maryland foot function score was 63-92 points [(82.1±8.7)points], significantly different from 0 point before operation ( P<0.01). The results were excellent in 1 patient, good in 5, and fair in 1. Except for one nonunion of metatarsal bone, all the other 8 sites were with bone union uneventfully. Conclusion:The induced membrane technique combined with anterolateral thigh flap transfer is an effective protocol for composite foot defect, which can well repair soft tissue and bone defect, and restore walking.

Efficacy of CT angiography combined with three-dimensional modeling-assisted design of superficial peroneal artery perforator flap for reconstruction of traumatic hand wound / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of CT angiography (CTA) combined with three-dimensional modeling-assisted design of superficial peroneal artery perforator flap for reconstruction of traumatic hand wound.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 15 patients with hand injury admitted to 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from January 2016 to December 2019. There were 11 males and 4 females, aged 19-51 years [(27.8±8.1)years]. All patients had soft tissue defect of the hand with exposed bone or tendon, and the defect area ranged from 2.0 cm×1.0 cm to 6.0 cm×4.0 cm. All patients underwent CTA of the abdominal aorta to dorsalis pedis artery before surgery. The three-dimensional models of bones, blood vessels, skin and other tissues were reconstructed by Mimics 20.0 software. The location, diameter and length of the superficial peroneal artery perforator vessels were accurately measured, and the perforator flap was designed according to the shape and size of the defect, then the resection of flap was simulated. During the operation, the superficial peroneal artery perforator flap was removed and transplanted to repair the defect according to the design. The location, diameter and length of perforator vessels were measured intraoperatively and compared with the preoperative modeling measurement. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. The survival of the flap and healing of the donor site were observed after operation. The function of the affected limb was evaluated according to the upper limb function evaluation standard of Chinese Medical Association before and 3 months after surgery. The appearance, sensation and motion of the donor site were observed 3 months after surgery.Results:The origin and course of superficial peroneal artery perforator vessels could be clarified preoperatively based on the three-dimensional model. There was no significant difference in the location, diameter and length of perforator vessels between the pre- and intra-operative measurements ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for 6-20 months [(12.2±3.8)months]. The operation duration was 50-125 minutes [(91.2±10.4)minutes], with blood loss of 150-450 ml [(364.1±44.7)ml]. The partial epidermal necrosis occurred in 2 patients after surgery, which gradually healed after dressing change, and other flaps survived smoothly. All donor sites could be sutured directly, and all incisions healed by first intention. According to the upper limb function evaluation standard of the Chinese Medical Association, the affected limb scored (76.4±9.7)points 3 months after surgery, higher than the preoperative score of (48.2±10.1)points ( P<0.05). The results were excellent in 8 patients, good in 6 and fair in 1, with the excellent and good rate of 93%. All patients had slight scar growth in donor sites and showed no obvious abnormalities in the sensation of foot dorsum and donor sites, with normal walking gait. Conclusion:CT angiography combined with three-dimensional modeling can accurately locate the perforating vessels, realize the individualized and precise design of the superficial peroneal artery perforator flap, and assist in the rapid and accurate flap resection, and hence promote wound healing and functional recovery of the hand.

Effect of rehabilitation robot rehabilitation training synchronizing acupuncture exercise therapy on postoperative rehabilitation with hip fracture / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between rehabilitation robot rehabilitation training synchronizing acupuncture exercise therapy and simple acupuncture exercise therapy on lower limb function and life activity ability for postoperative patients with hip fracture.@*METHODS@#A total of 50 elderly postoperative patients with hip fracture were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with acupuncture at hip three points of the affected side and lateral line 1 of vertex, anterior oblique parietotemporal line of the healthy side, hip three needles were retained for 30 min. The scalp acupuncture needles were continue retained, the observation group was given acupuncture exercise therapy to synchronize lower limb rehabilitation robot rehabilitation training, and the control group was given acupuncture exercise therapy. The two groups were treated once a day, 7 times as a course of treatment, and totally 4 courses were required. The Harris score, Barthel index score and quadriceps femoris isokinetic muscle strength indexes [peak torque (PT), average power (AP), flexor peak torque/extensor peak torque (F/E)] were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the Harris score, Barthel index score, PT and AP were higher than those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Rehabilitation robot rehabilitation training of lower limbs synchronizing acupuncture exercise therapy could enhance the hip joint activity function and quadriceps muscle group function of elderly postoperative patients with hip fracture, and effectively improve the lower limb function and life activity ability.

Influence factors of fracture site change of orthopedic trauma patients in Shijiazhuang during pandemic of corona virus disease 2019 / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To compare clinical characteristics of orthopedic trauma patients between the patients during pandemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and those beyond the pandemic period and analyze the factors influencing fracture site changes during pandemic of COVID-19.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was made on data of 1 048 patients with fractures hospitalized in Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University treated from January 20, 2020 to February 25, 2020 (pandemic period group) and from January 31, 2019 to March 9, 2019 (beyond pandemic period group). There were 232 patients in pandemic period group, including 121 males (52.2%) and 111 females (47.8%), with age range of 1-100 years [(47.9±26.3)years]. There were 816 patients in beyond pandemic period group, including 454 males (55.6%) and 363 females (44.5%), with age range of 1-96 years [(47.3±23.9)years]. Fracture sites were compared between the two groups. Age, sex, occupation, cause of injury, history of basic medical diseases, location of fracture, residence, marital status and other factors among the patients with low limb fractures and other fractures in pandemic period group were analyzed using the Logistic regression analysis.Results:Incidence of limb fractures in pandemic period group (69.4%, 161/232) was significantly higher than that in beyond pandemic period group (59.8%, 488/816) ( P<0.05), while the incidence of whole-body multiple fractures in pandemic period group (8.2%, 19/232) was significantly lower than that in beyond pandemic period group (13.6%, 111/816) ( P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that female, middle or older age, farmers, low-energy injury, basic medical disease, staying at home were risk factors for limb fracture during pandemic ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed low-energy injury ( OR=8.264, P<0.01) was an independent risk factor for limb fracture during pandemic. Conclusions:Compared with the beyond pandemic period, some location of fracture is changed and incidence of limb fracture is increased during pandemic. Low energy injury is an independent risk factor of limb fracture during the pandemic.

Health literacy level and health related behavior of high school students in Xuhui District of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the health literacy level and health related behavior of high school students in Xuhui District of Shanghai, and to provide basis for health literacy intervention. Methods Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the quantitative part adopted the multi-stage stratified sampling method.A total of 355 aged 15-18 from senior high schools in Xuhui District were selected for face-to-face survey.The qualitative part adopted the form of group interviews, and 20 students from two senior high schools in Xuhui District were selected for interviews. Results The health literacy level of high school students in Xuhui District was 27.32%, which was lower than that of adults in the same period.Among the three dimensions, the level of basic knowledge and concept literacy was the highest, followed by the level of health basic skills literacy, the level of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy was the lowest; among the six types of health problems, the level of infectious disease prevention literacy and basic medical literacy was at a low level.Statistical analysis of the correct answer rate showed that the answer rate of various questions in the health literacy survey was quite different.Further analysis of the health-related behavioral characteristics of high school students showed that most students had correct health concept and awareness of health change, but they encountered resistance in the process of knowledge transformation into action, which mainly came from academic burden, school education, peer influence and so on.The main channels for high school students to obtain health-related information were classroom, parents, school and various media.They had a high degree of trust in medical professionals and encountered difficulties in seeking health information. Conclusion The health literacy level of senior high school students in Xuhui District of Shanghai needs to be improved.We should explore a health intervention model more suitable for the behavioral characteristics of this group weak links in their health literacy.

1H-NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Brain Tissue of CUMS-Induced Depressed Mice Intervened by Iridoid Part of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Metabolomics was used to analyze the brain tissue samples of model mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depression, in order to find out the differential metabolites related to depression and to explore the possible antidepressant mechanism of iridoid part of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix (IEFV). Method:Forty-two Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, including the normal group, the model group, the fluoxetine group (2.5 mg·kg-1) and the IEFV low, medium, and high dose groups (doses were 5.73, 11.47, 22.94 mg·kg-1, respectively). The behavioral and biochemical indicators of CUMS model mice were used for pharmacodynamic evaluation with IEFV and a positive drug (fluoxetine) as the intervention drugs. Then, the effect of IEFV on endogenous substances of the brain tissue in CUMS model mice were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum (1H-NMR) metabolomics, and multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify the differential metabolites and to enrich the metabolic pathways involved in the differential metabolites. Result:After modeling, the immobility time of the model mice increased significantly, their sucrose preference rate and the excitatory neurotransmitters [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE)] decreased significantly, indicating the success of modeling. The depression was relieved after IEFV administration, mainly manifested by the recovery of the immobility time, sucrose preference rate and the excitatory neurotransmitters (5-HT and NE). Principal component analysis (PCA) of endogenous metabolites in brain tissue showed that the model group could be significantly separated from the normal group, while the IEFV groups and fluoxetine group all showed a trend of deviating from the model group to the normal group, which was consistent with the behavioral results. The results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed that there were 16 different metabolites between the model group and the normal group, including 12 water-soluble metabolites and 4 liposoluble metabolites. Seven potential metabolism pathways were obtained through MetPA analysis, including metabolism of phenylalanine, metabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine acid, metabolism of alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, metabolism of D-glutamine and D-glutamate and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). IEFV-high dose group could significantly recall 11 differential metabolites. Conclusion:IEFV may play an antidepressant role mainly by affecting energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter levels, which provides a reference for further study on the antidepressant mechanism of IEFV.

Selection of 4 kinds of neurocutaneous perforator flap with vascular anastomosis for repair of hand and foot wounds / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of 4 kinds of neurocutaneous perforator flap with vascular anastomosis for repair of hand and foot wounds.Methods:From January, 2005 to September, 2019, 112 patients with hand and foot wounds were treated, there were 78 cases of fingers, 11 cases of first web, 5 cases of palm, 6 cases of hand and 12 cases of foot. The defect area was 2.0 cm×1.5 cm-21.0 cm×12.0 cm. All 112 cases were repaired by neurocutaneous perforator flaps anastomosed with blood vessels. Types of flap were applied: Radial collateral artery perforator flap (with posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm) in 30 cases. The flap area was 5.0 cm×2.0 cm-13.0 cm×6.0 cm. Superficial peroneal artery flap (without superficial peroneal nerve) anastomosed with blood vessels in 15 cases. The flap area was 2.5 cm×2.0 cm-9.0 cm×6.0 cm. Lateral superficial sural artery perforator flap (with superior sural cutaneous nerve) in 26 cases. The flap area was 2.5 cm×1.8 cm-7.0 cm×5.0 cm. Peroneal artery perforator flap (with middle and lower sural nerve) in 41 cases. The flap was harvested with area of 2.5 cm×1.8 cm-23.0 cm ×14.0 cm to repair the wounds of feet, back of hands, first web, palm and fingers. CTA images were observed in 40 clinical patients, and the occurrence rate of radial collateral artery, superficial peroneal artery, superficial lateral sural artery, and peroneal artery were measured. Anastomosis cutaneous nerve in 97 cases, and no cutaneous nerve anastomosis 15 cases (superficial peroneal artery flap).Results:The peroneal artery perforator flap (41 cases) and radial collateral artery perforator flap (30 cases) were harvested. The incidence of perforator vessels was both 100%, and incidence of superficial sural artery was 80.8% (21/26 cases). In the other 19.2% (5/26 cases), the superficial medial sural artery was replaced by too thin vessels. The utilization rate of superficial peroneal artery was 60.0% (9/15 cases), the other 40.0% (6/15 cases) were converted to peroneal artery perforator flap. All flaps survived except 1 case of superficial perforator flap of lateral sural artery, which underwent necrosis at the distal end and healed after dressing change. One hundred and one cases were followed-up, including 90 cases for repairing soft tissue defects in hands and 11 cases in feet. The followed-up time ranged from 12 to 120 months, with an average of 36.6 months. There were 40 cases with excellent function, 45 cases with good function and 5 cases with fair function. There were 78 cases of cutaneous nerve anastomosis of hand flap, and the sensory function was above S 3 level. There were 12 cases without anastomosis of cutaneous nerve of hand flap, and the sensory function reached S 3 level in 3 cases and S 2 level in 9 cases. In 11 cases, the cutaneous nerve was anastomosed to repair the soft tissue defect of the foot, and the sensory function was above S 3 level. The radial collateral artery perforator flaps were relatively bulky and needed to be treated by fat removal. The other 3 kinds of three flaps were not bulky. Conclusion:The perforating vessels of peroneal artery and radial accessory artery have larger diameter and easy to harvest. The superficial peroneal artery and the lateral superficial sural artery are relatively small in caliber, especially the superficial peroneal artery. Among the 4 kinds of cutaneous nerve nutrient vascular flaps, the radial accessory artery perforator flap was the most bloated. Sensory nerve innervation flaps were found in the upper segment of lateral sural cutaneous nerve, posterior forearm cutaneous nerve and middle and lower segment of sural nerve. The superficial peroneal artery perforator flap was accompanied by superficial peroneal nerve that did not send cutaneous branches into the flap. The upper segment of superficial peroneal nerve was only a passing nerve.